Cu-Pure for Aquaculture

Our main product “Cu-Pure” is jointly developed by Chief Technology Officer, Dr. Chu and his 80-year-old Japanese mentor.

From the university to the doctorate, he focused on the research and application of nanomaterials for nearly 10 years, and developed the mass production technology of nanomaterials with his 80-year-old Japanese mentor. Although technologies for manufacturing nanomaterials existed at that time, no enterprise focused on R & D and mass production resulting in high production costs that limitation nanomaterials from being widely used in various industries.

After returning to Taiwan, Dr. Chu actively sought funds and reached technical transfer cooperation with his Japanese mentor, invested 35 million US dollars to set up the factory which has a production capacity of more than 1,500 tons. It is currently the largest nanomaterial manufacturer in Asia. After entering mass production, the cost of nanomaterials is greatly reduced, and it can be used in the agriculture, fishery, animal husbandry, and industrial and cosmetic manufacturing industries that belong to the first and second industry chain, and successfully replace the currently widely used antibiotics and organic fungicides.

Cu-Pure is using high-performance grinding technology combining ultrasonic and other methods, together with using special compounds to play the role of surfactant to help it stably dispersed in the pure water system. Also, it lone pair electrons on the atom to carry negative charges, closing to copper particles, to make the two objects attracting each other and then form a stable floating force. It ensured that the nano-copper of Cu-Pure could be stably dispersed without precipitation.

Cu-Pure controlled dissociation rate of copper metal into ion via surface modification, that could contribute to extending the continuous antimicrobial for copper nano particles in water.

Cu-Pure make copper into nanoscale the specific surface area is increased as the particle size becomes small and then release antibacterial copper ions. The so-called “Copper Ions” has good effect on damaging bacterial cell walls and then combined with DNA to destroy a variety of germs and viruses, including microsporidia and cyanobacteria.

Through Japanese dispersion technology and food-grade dispersants imported from Japan, Cu-Pure successfully passed the “Storage Reliability Test” that liquid of Cu-Pure could be stored for more than 3 years in dry area without sunlight.

Since Cu-Pure could easily achieve the functions of controlling viruses, bacteria, cyanobacteria, and microsporidia in culturing ponds lasting for 15 ~ 20 days if no water changed, it becomes the most effective bactericide in current markets due to its natural ingredients.

The main feature of Cu-Pure is low additive ratio that only 0.05g to 0.1g per ton of water needed, even though the unit price is a little bit higher compared to that of general organic fungicides due to production complexity.

Cu-Pure is effective against viruses, cyanobacteria and microsporidia lasting for 15 ~ 20 days with lower irritation. It is suitable for long-term culturing purpose with lower overall cost than other types of fungicide.

Microsporidia could be under controlled by utilizing Cu-Pure. Taiwanese professional shrimp farmers ever made a test to add 0.08g of Cu-Pure per ton of water after 24 hours, they found that the test result of microsporidia changing from detected to undetected.

The main reason is that nano-copper could entirely disturb DNA of micron-sized microsporidium to achieve the purpose of controlling microsporidia.

Cyanobacteria are pro-bacteria prokaryotes with cell walls, and it could be under controlled by using 0.08g of Cu-Pure per ton of water.

The impact on the probiotics is small since probiotics were basically selected from bacilli that the breeding speed is fast; moreover, the number of probiotics in the culturing pond is larger than vibrio and virus.

Concerning the cell wall of algae is thick, please follow our suggested Cu-Pure usage with 0.05g to 0.1g per ton water to avoid damaging algal.

Any metal with a density greater than 5 is so-called “a heavy metal”.

Heavy metals can be divided into two types for the human body:

• Harmful metal: it would accumulate in the human body that is harmful to the human body, such as mercury, lead, arsenic and cadmium
• Necessary metals to human body: metals that maintain human body operation, such as calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, manganese, vanadium, cobalt, chromium, copper, zinc, molybdenum, tin, nickel

The normal adult (70KG) body contains 200 milligrams (mg) of copper. The recommended daily intake of copper for adults is 3 milligrams (mg) and the maximum is not more than 10 milligrams (mg).

The general absorbed efficiency of copper for human body is about 50%. Consumption of more than 5 milligrams (mg) of copper would cause the absorption efficiency of human body dropping 20%, while intaking of zinc-containing foods also reducing the copper absorption rate. In other words, it is hardly exceeding the human absorbed limit even if you consume lots of high copper-containing foods.

High copper-containing foods:

Sesame: 40 milligrams (mg) / Kg = 40ppm

Soy: 16 milligrams (mg) / Kg = 16ppm

Crab: 8.14 milligrams (mg) / Kg = 8.14ppm

Shrimp: 3.79 milligrams (mg) / Kg = 3.79 ppm

The World Health Organization ever regulated the copper content in drinking water should be less than 2ppm, and Cu-Pure for culturing only request adding 0.0075ppm to fulfill the purpose of controlling Vibrio and virus.

The seawater itself contains about 0.09ppm copper, and the cultured organisms also contain a large amount of copper (shrimp 3.79ppm, crab 8.14ppm), so all the evidence points to an unshakable view that Cu-Pure is definitely suitable for farming.

Cu-Pure do not contain sulfate so it is not belonging to copper sulfate.

Copper sulfate is simple to make, inexpensive and irritating that has high solubility in water. After dissolution, positively charged copper ions would be released instantly that will be inevitably causing strong toxicity to all organisms, disrupting normal metabolism, and leading to early shelling, stress, and affecting the surface of algae. Therefore, it is not suitable for aquaculture.

Cu-Pure is nano-sized copper with large surface area that only small amount of Cu-Pure needed to achiever bactericidal effect. It is slow-release and therefore has little irritation. Nano-copper floats in water as uncharged atomic nano-particles, slowly releasing a proper proportion of copper ions, which is sufficient to undermine microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. For fish, shrimp, crab, and other cultured fish in water, a little amount of copper would become its nutritional supplement.

Cu-Pure could be used to remove viruses and Vibrio in fish, shrimp and other organisms by feeding. However, we recommend that users put the water first, or use the water and mixed feeding together to achieve the best results.

Many customers want to mix Cu-Pure with hydrogen peroxide, iodine, chlorine dioxide and other organic fungicides to reduce costs. However, we do not suggest in this way because Cu-Pure has its own dispersion system that is easy to react with other organic substances after mixing. Therefore, it is suggested that if you still want to use organic fungicides, you should use organic fungicides to remove some of the bacteria in the water first, and then utilize Cu-Pure to control the bacteria in water after the organic fungicides degraded that the effect could last for 15 ~ 20 days.

Cu-Pure could be divided into small cans for sale or diluted and then canned for sale, greatly reducing the unit price for better sale.